Wall construction



192 I 1,630,801 May 7 F.'Y. PARSONS WALL CONSTRUCTION v Filed July 31,1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR;

TUTORNEV y 1927' F. YQPARSONS WALL CONS TRUCTI 0N Filed July 31. 1926 x3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. F\OYA Pa-t 6 1 May 7 F. Y. PARSONS WALLCONSTRUCTION Filed July 31. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR;

WITNESS Patent ed May 31, 1927.

rLoYD mama or masts, new JERSEY. g v 1 .wanneonsrnuc'r'rou- I pApplicationifiled J1i1y 31,.1 9 2'6. serial No. 123,130. I I

' This invention relatcs to buildinglstructures and particularly towalls thereof.

The principal underlying object is to provide a wall which shall loestrong, fire- ,proof, non-shrinking and'pad apted tobe built at a .costwhich. Wlll not apprec1ably,'

if at all, exceed that of building a wall of wood, as thewalls ofordinary wooden or frame buildings. a

111 the drawings, V n

Fig. l is a perspective view showing a wall in process of constructionaccording to invention;

Fig. 2 1s asid-e elevation, in section, of the wall in process ofconstruction;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal-section of a wall 5 built according to theinvention, vshowing the construction with respect to a corner and anopening (as for a window)- in the Wall;

Fig.

etisa vertical section on lined-4c, g V

Fig. 5; isa horizontal detail illustrating a step in the construction;

Fig. 6 is a verticalv section on line 6 6, Fig. .1; Fig; struction inthe formingofan open-ing, as

for a window;.@

Fig. 7;.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section on.lii1e 8 8,

' Fig. 9- 1s a perspective .view'of a skeleton system used inaccordance"with jthefiinven tion; F'g. 10 shows in end elevation a formstructure including such skeleton system;

inside and outside spaced members, the spaces between them belng"adapted to receive concrete or othersuitable plastic .material.Between-each two ad o1n1ng tor-m structures sectional wall elements Iare placed one upon another, theportion of the ultimate wall formed ,bythese sectional wall elements extending in each instance from one to theother of the tormstructuresi'na manner to produce. with eaclilof themwhat 7 is an elevation showing the con.

is] 111* eli'ect a mold I or form tvvosides which are aff rdedbyysaidmembers'of the i tor'm structure and a third side by the said wallportiong' ln'each mold thus produced by the-two memhers' of the formstructure ail'd' the saidwvall portions (or it may be one such allportion and adooror Windovvframe or the likeyfiankingsuch form 7structure the plastic Y material is introduced.

' Ina wall built up in thisf V ther'e W result columns of the molded;plastic mate rial in alternation withithe' Wall portions composed of thesectional. wall elements.

Preferably said Wall portions will project into the open sidesojtftheterm structures and'if the elements forming them ,areeac'h ofa;size to reach from-one to the other form structure and into each thevvorlfr can prey ceedlverylrapidl'y 'andvvithout the exercise: v 'o'fanyspecial skill, the form structuresithen afiording zineans to determinethe position;

ing of I the wall elements hold" them, so

positioned until the plastic material vcan be u introdncedand it'setslf' The columns formed j I V becomevital supporting factors. in thecom-- pletedwal'l'ijn any event and'it will be noted.

"that if plastic. maternijtaving' good. ad.-

,h'ering qualityjlilie, concrete,- b f d there will be a'bond betweenthecolumnsand thev portions of the ,wallformed bythe sectional wanelements; furtherjif each of the said, 'wall elements is ofasize'toreach from one' column to the next there will be no occasion I ffor any bond of the elements directly each other (asby horizontallayersof morg tar .loetween them) because of their idescriloed unionwith or bondingtothe col- 11111118. Preferablythe fo1'm .structuresare.

constructed in such. a way as not onlyto adapt then'i'to theirfunctionfin .the 'moldilig H p or forming of the columnsbut toreinforc-v I I ingthe 'c olumns;they will also usually. be constructedso as to beserviceable for other 2 purposes relating to anymeanswhichisap plied (inside or outside) in treatment of naked wall formed as I haveoutlined;

These form-structures also are useful ,in; construct ng parts. of a wallwh1c h 'r-each horizontally, as the --plate, 1; across -,door ,or

window-openings, etc; This will serve for a general statementloftheinventionigAs 01k thefdetailsof the invention as hereinsliovvn f xbyW y Of mp e i c nn c on ir 't ith building of. a wall'QI'f-a dwelling; Ias' to the i form structureszfln the example, each comprises twoopposite spaced members 1, preferably wooden strlps, ar-

ranged."inparallel planes and a skeleton system, Fig; 9 tyingthemtogether'so as'to retain them aga1nst spreading whent-he plasticmaterial is introduced between them andgpreferably including parts whichextend lengthwiseof .said members and in the column that is to be formedconstitute the V Qchief reinforcing factors. This skeleton system may,be composed. of'cross-wires 2 f arranged atjintervalsfwith respect toany I number (as two) "of longitudinal wires 3' and ,insome way. li'xedthereto, as bending" the wires 3 around the "cross-wires, thecrossfwires havmg at itheir'ends'g eyed poitions 2 formed,sayiby bendingoil each end of the cross-wire in a direction perpendicularjto thecommon plane of the wires 2 and:

3 and then rebending to form a loop. Suitable lengths of this'i'naterialmay be assembled Withthe'strips l as the form structures are required inthe following, convenien'tway: A trougl1-like template'l havingitssides'at right angles to each other isprov i dediand on this as shownin Fig. 11 is i plaoedone of the strips '1;.then the skeleton 7 systemis superimposed upon such strip and .nails '5 are driven through itsloops, 2 into the strip; an-d then the'ipartly formed form tructjureis1' inverted as shown l in Fig '12 and rested upon the other stripfl andnailed thereto'as in the first instance.

r 'The' foundation or foundationv-4115c" be} in'g laid andthejfirstfloor joists of the building being positioned thereon, "a -st-rip :8

maybena'iled on thesejoists parallel "with outer face of theffou'ndation(hand upward ly projecting dowels "9 having also 7 been first preferablyset in the' foundation at suitable intervals, the form saucmresme stoodup right onthefou-ndation. in register withor so as to contalnjthedowels and also) se s to abut strip 8 which thus assists inalining them.Other such form structures10which.

' are to be usedjin forming the plate of the wall are then placedhorizontally upon the upper form structures as shown in Fig, 2, andthey'may be heldjin proper pos tion thereon by thebleats 111 Of coursethe form structures may be heldin position in a'ny'jway during theassemblin g thereof:- afterthey. have been assembled andtlie. structure'they "form has beennplumbed it may beteinp'orarily braced, as at 12 inFigs.

QE Z-and' l. .1, i Wa'll elementsil3 'are provided in'the form of slabseachof' which in. the present exam- 7 ple, is: of a horizontal dimensionsomewhat greater than thefdistan'ce between two. Jadj oining 'fformstructures; or; so that in order to assemble any. slab'in its intendedrelation ito two adj oining fforin .stiuctu.r-esit "is "necessarytoenter it endwls-e between"themem bets" 1' ofTone such formfstructure'and in skewed position (Fig. #5)- and then having brought'it intoproperalinementwith the" two form structures shiftit endwise sufiif ciently toleave. both ends projecting into the formst tuctures Sectional wall. por

vtions are built up, using these slabs, between each two' adjoining"form structures as shown in Fig. 1,' eachstack of s'labsor wall. ele

ments'extending to the level where the plate spacesareileft between theinner and outer members 1 ofeach upright form structure and the twostacks of slabs which flank the tween the members 1 of theform"structure slabs.

isfto be formed; The result is that forms or- 4 latter, and theseseveral vertical -formsf'or h spaces have as, a horizontalextensionthereof at the'top the upwardly open space be I 10 and the top slabsofthe severalfstackjsi of; 7

Of course the several stacks! stale.-

slabs are keptpositioned'by the'end's offthe slabs. projecting betweenthemembers of a V the upright form structures. 7

At suitable stages, the comm-s a buitplastic material is introduced intotheYsev-i eral forms or spaces afforded bythe upright; V

form structures and the spaced stacks-of slabs so as to producejco lumnsof such ma;-

terial between the stacks of slabs and; so that an integral plate 14fKhich is integral 1011"- monolithic withthe columns; the slabs are unitedto and ineffectintegral with the colu unins because'at their ends ifconcrete or.

other suitable.adhering-material is used-they become'bonded to'thecolumnssjiThe skele-a ton systems-are useful 'n'otonly in holding;

the spaced members 1 definitely related to' eachother (againstspreading) attlie time the plastic material is' introduced but as;

important reenforcing factorsin the ulti -l mate columns, especiallywith 'respectto their longitudinal members 3.

After the plate' is formed u etuaidingof the wall can continue upward.in the; same manner as before. Where the second story joists 15 rest onthe plateIa'jfragment"of the corresponding slab may be 7 cut away. asshown at 16 lnFig. land,theresultmg space V .fin'ally filled with the"plastic ;1naterial as p shown at 17 in,Fig. 6;

18 suitable foruse informing a corner column. Essentlally this is thesame as the form structure already describediexcept that, I 7

its spaced members are angulariinjeross sec skeleton systems j oin n'gtio'n, .18? 7 being its such members- Figs. 7 and 8illustratehow'provision is Fig. 3 at the right shows-"a form su t asemade for-reception in the wall-of door or Wl'IlClOW' frames: Where thesize of the tranieis such that a space wouldiotherwise exist-between oneor more of its four sides as: at top and bottom in these figures, formstructures 19- like those already described may' be applied andfilled int withthe in the concrete columns 1% and the fillers plastic material,asat 20, :to provide the necessary. fillers. @For securing the frameinplace nails, 20 may be'left pro,- jecting therefrom so as to becomeembedded 20 (Figs. 8 and 7). v

1n .the wall completedasso far described the members 1fai1d 2 willproject from the general faces of the walls, formed at inside andoutside by the flushislabs. Whether these are retained or ripped of?later is not anatei'iali: In the present case, the inside oneswillserveastturring torth'e nailing [thereto of the'facingzmateria-lrfor the inside of the wall, as thelathing 21 carryingthe plaster coating 22 (Figs. '3' and 6) 5 the outside ones may serveasmeans to which an Outside facing for the wall may be attached,-

or they may be removed as shown at the right in Fig. 1 and the wholeouter surface then covered with stucco 28, or other finish coat (Figs. 3and 6).

The integrity of the wall as a wholemay of course be increased by anysuch expedient as that shown in Fig. 5, where the lateral sides or endsof the slabs are channeled at Of course,while I have mentioned'con creteas the material for forming the columns, the plate, etc, any othercementitious material suitable for the purpose 'may be employed. In theappended claims I have used the term piers? inpreterence to columnsbecause of its perhaps more compree hensive meanings An' advantage of my"invention is that,

since the columns are the principal loadcarrying elementso f the wall,the sectional wall portions may not only be formed of 1-elatively thinelements, as slabs, but the material composing such elements may be ofan I inferior. character, as gypsum; if the columns are sufficientlystrong, as by'being reinforced-and properly supported, tlie'integrity ofthe wall as a whole 'will'be especially complete and permanent when eachsectional wall elementreaclies from one pier to .the next, regardless ofwhether the bonding between the sectional wall portions and'eac'hpier'is or isnot direct in char aoter due to the; adhesion ofthecementitious Y spaces between the members of 'thosepairs 1 Of courseitis notindispensable that the material of the piers to said, wallportion;

' sectional wall elements remain in the wall as permanent constituentsthereof; when they have served their purpose in .connection'with theforming of thenintegralskeleton struc i J ture that results from themolding and set-I ting of the cementitious-,materialthey may,

if re'quirediu some cases, be removed and they mayv for thiswpurposehave an'y'formlor construction-1lending itself to their ready removalwithout disturbing suchj skeleton 1 structure. 7 1

In the example shown and described, where the-Wallis awallof;,a'---building, the walland joists; 15 maybe interlocked as bydriving nails or sp'ike'sQet (Fig. '1) laterally into theends of thejoists and-so as to pro,-

sject sufliciently to: extend intothe spacesot f 'tlieadjacent formstructures, so that when the concrete isintroduced it willembed suchnails or spikes EWlllCllWlllfhGll serve as d'evices tying the joists andwall skeleton to getherw 1 1. Inthe constructing of a wall, the hereiiidescrib'ed method -.,w-hi1chconsists in first 'fixing pairs/0toppor'ed elongated form mem here in upright position at intervals frompairare spaced apart and'opposed to an upright plane common to theseveral pairs, '7 then stacking-in each interval wall elements,

each of a thickness approximately to fit be.-

tween the members of and each of a length less than the center-to-centerdistance beinent projects-into both of the'spaces befianksuchlintervaland is spaced froni each next adjoining stack, and'introducing 'cem- I-entitious material intoi eachspace formed 1 between adjoining stacks onthe one hand and the members of one such pair on the tweenthepairs'fianking but exceeding the 1 width of such interval, so thateachwallele i I tween the members ofthose pairs which. i a

other and thereby forming in such space a pier bonded to such adjoiningstacks.

upright position at intervals from each other T along the line of thewall to be constructed and, so that said members. in each'pai'r are;

opposed to an uprightplanecommonto the I several pairs, then stacking ineach interval j v 1 wall elements, each of ath ckness VZIPPFOXI- each ofa length less than the distance bep r mately to fit between the membersofrand;

tween-said re-enforces of theflpairs flanking f v such intervalbutexceeding the distance be-f tween themembers ofsuch 'pairs, so that eachwall element projects into both'of the wl ich'fiank such interval, andintroducing cementitious material into each space formed between adoining' stacks on the one hand each other along the line of the Wall tobe 9 7 constructed and so that said members in each and the members ofone such pairion 1the' jier' bonded to such ad'oi'nin stacks and V V bcontainingsaid're-enforcement. 1 3. In the constrnctlng of a Wall, thehere- .indescribed method consisting in placing pairs of upright formmembers at an 1nter val from' each other along the line of the wall tobe constructed and so that the' members of each pair form a mold spa'ceopen 'at'a' side thereof facing lengthwise of'the U all, placing a thirdpair of form members 7 I p mold space betweenthem open-toward said intraversing relation to the interval between said'pairsof form membersand so that the members of such" third pair form a -mold space betweenthem in communication ith the first-name'd'mold spaces, placing sec-'ti'onal Wall elements in positlon to close'off i the, first-named moldspaces at theirsaid open sides, and introducing cementitious materialinto, all three mold spaces and thereby forming a pairofpiers and'anele- 'm'ent connecting them all monolithicst-ructure.

constituting a indescribed method consisting. in 1 placing 1 pairs ofupright form members at an'interr val fr'om'each other along" the line*of the :Wftl]. to be construct-edsand so that the mem bers of eachpairform amold space openr at the side thereof t'acingthe'other'pair ofmembers placing a third pair of form nemhers in traversing relation to:the interval Q between said pairsoffform members an d so t that themembers of suchthirdpair forma p v interval and in communication withthe fir'st- T troducing. mentitions' material into all three mold spacesand thereby forming "a named 'mold spaces, placing. sectional Wall 1elements in position to close oii all three e, i mold spaces at their.sa d. open s1d'es,'and,1n-; Y r

pair of piers and an element connecting them all constituting amonolithic structure."

In testimony whereoflaifix my signature. V

FLoYn rrAnsonsu f

